منابع مشابه
Token reinforcement: a review and analysis.
Token reinforcement procedures and concepts are reviewed and discussed in relation to general principles of behavior. The paper is divided into four main parts. Part I reviews and discusses previous research on token systems in relation to common behavioral functions--reinforcement, temporal organization, antecedent stimulus functions, and aversive control--emphasizing both the continuities wit...
متن کاملa phonological contrastive analysis of kurdish and english
deposite the different criticisms on contrastive analysis it has been proved that the results of it(when processed)can be usuful in a tefl environment,specially at the level of phonology.this study is an attempt to compare and contrast the sound systems of kurdish and english for pedagogical aims. the consonants,vowels,stress and intonation of the twolanguages are described by the same model-ta...
15 صفحه اولGeneralized conditioned reinforcement with pigeons in a token economy.
Six pigeons were studied in a token economy in which tokens could be produced and exchanged for food on one side of an experimental chamber and for water on the opposite side of the chamber. Responses on one key produced tokens according to a token-production fixed ratio (FR) schedule. Responses on a second key produced an exchange period during which tokens were exchanged for water or food. In...
متن کاملa contrastive analysis of concord and head parameter in english and azerbaijani
این پایان نامه به بررسی و مقایسه دو موضوع مطابقه میان فعل و فاعل (از نظر شخص و مشار) و هسته عبارت در دو زبان انگلیسی و آذربایجانی می پردازد. اول رابطه دستوری مطابقه مورد بررسی قرار می گیرد. مطابقه به این معناست که فعل مفرد به همراه فاعل مفرد و فعل جمع به همراه فاعل جمع می آید. در انگلیسی تمام افعال، بجز فعل بودن (to be) از نظر شمار با فاعلشان فقط در سوم شخص مفرد و در زمان حال مطابقت نشان میدهند...
15 صفحه اولcohesion and cohesive devices in a contrastive analysis between ge and esp texts
the present study was an attempt to conduct a contrastive analysis between general english (ge) and english for specific purposes (esp) texts in terms of cohesion and cohesive devices. to this end, thirty texts from different esp and ge textbooks were randomly selected. then they were analyzed manually to find the frequency of cohesive devices. cohesive devices include reference, substitution, ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
سال: 2009
ISSN: 0022-5002
DOI: 10.1901/jeab.2009.91-257